Functions and Operators Available

Precedence

Higher precedence operators are processed first

Symbol

Description

Example

0

OR

OR

(2 > 1) OR (2 > 3) = not zero*

1

XOR

XOR

2

AND

AND

(2 > 1) AND (2 > 3) = 0*

3

NOT

NOT

4

>

Greater than

9 > 2 = not zero*

4

<

Less than

7 < 4 = 0*

4

==

Equal test

5 == 4 = 0*

4

>=

Greater or equal

3 >= 3 = not zero*

4

<=

Less or equal

3 <= 9 = 0

4

<>

Not equal

12 <> 20 = not zero*

5

bitor

bitwise OR

6

bitxor

bitwise XOR

7

bitand

bitwise AND

8

shl

Shift Left

8

shr

Shift Right

9

+

Add

1 + 1 = 2

9

-

Subtract

9 - 5 = 4

10

*

Multiply by

3 * 6 = 18

10

/

Divide by

9 / 2 = 4.5

10

\

Integer divide by

9 \ 2 = 4

10

MOD

Modulo (remainder)

7 mod 4 = 3

11

bitnot

11

!

Factorial

5! = 120

12

^

Raised to the power of

4 ^ 5 = 1024

13

( )

Prioritizes an expression

5*(1+1) = 10

Symbol

Description

Example

IIF

If condition

IIf(1+1==2,4,5) = 4

ISTRUE

Added in version 19, build on November 19, 2015

Returns 1 if the string entered is: T, TRUE, CONNECTED, CLOSED, YES, Y, or 1. Otherwise returns 0.

IsTrue('Closed') = 1

MIN

Minimum value

min(10,3,27,15) = 3

MAX

Maximum value

max(1,9)=9

SIN

Sine

sin(3.14159265) = 0

COS

Cosine

cos(3.14159265) = -1

TAN

Tangent

tan(3.14159265) = 0

ASIN

Arc sine

asin(1) = 1.570

ACOS

Arc cosine

acos(-1) = 3.141

ATAN, ATN

Arc tangent

atan(0) = atn(0) = 0

SEC

Secant

sec(0) = 1

CSC

Cosecant

csc(1) = 1.18

COT

Cotangent

cot(1) = 0.642

SINH

Hyperbolic sine

sinh(3) = 10.01

COSH

Hyperbolic cosine

cosh(2) = 3.76

TANH

Hyperbolic tangent

tanh(1) = 0.76

COTH

Hyperbolic cotangent

coth(1) = 1.31

SECH

Hyperbolic secant

sech(0) = 1

CSCH

Hyperbolic cosecant

csch(1) = 0.85

ASINH

Hyperbolic arc sine

asinh(2) = 1.44

ACOSH

Hyperbolic arc cosine

acosh(9) = 2.89

ATANH

Hyperbolic arc tangent

atanh(.1) = 0.10

ACOTH

Hyperbolic arc cotangent

acoth(7) = 0.14

ASECH

Hyperbolic arc secant

asech(.3) = 1.87

ACSCH

Hyperbolic arc cosecant

acsch(2) = 0.48

ABS

Absolute value

abs(-8) = 8

EXP

e to the power of

exp(3) = 20.08

EXP2

2 to the power of

exp2(3) = 8

EXP10

10 to the power of

exp10(3) = 1000

LOG, LN

Natural log

ln(16) = log(16) = 2.77

LOG2

Log base 2

log2(8) = 3

LOG10

Log base 10

log10(100) = 2

CEIL

Round up

ceil(6.2) = 7

RAND

Random number

rnd(1) = .969

INT

Truncate to an integer

int(6.8) = 6

SGN, SIGN

Sign of expression (-1, 0, or 1)

sgn(-9) = sign(-9) = -1

SQR, SQRT

Square root

sqr(64) = sqrt(64) = 8

FRAC

Fraction of float

fract(5.125)= 0.125

AVERAGE

Average

average(7, 8, 9, 10, 11) = 9

any number of parameters

ASC

Returns ASCII integer of the character

asc('A') = 65

CHR

Returns character of an ASCII integer

Chr(65) = 'A'

STR

Converts a floating point number into a string of a specified number of digits and right of decimal point

str(12.3456, 5, 2) = 12.36

LEFT

Copy of the left-most characters from a string

left('PowerWorld', 5) = 'Power'

RIGHT

Copy of the right-most characters from a string

Right('PowerWorld', 5) = 'World'

MID

Copy characters from inside a string starting at a particular character and going a particular number of characters

Mid('PowerWorld', 3, 5) = 'werWo'

TRIM

Added in Version 19, build on December 11, 2015

Remove leading and trailing spaces from a string

Trim('   PowerWorld  ') = 'PowerWorld'

LTRIM

Added in Version 19, build on December 11, 2015

Remove leading spaces from a string

LTrim('   PowerWorld  ') = 'PowerWorld  '

RTRIM

Added in Version 19, build on December 11, 2015

Remove trailing spaces from a string

RTrim('   PowerWorld  ') = '   PowerWorld'

FIND

Added in Version 19, build on January 5, 2017

Find(Find_Text, Within_Text, [Start_Num]).

Returns the integer position of the sub-string Find_Text looking inside the string Within_Text. You may optionally instruct us to start the search at character position Start_Num. If Start_Num is not specified, then we start at position 1. The search is case-sensitive. You may not use wildcard characters * or ?. If Find_Text is not found then function will return 0.

Find('bc', 'aBcd-xyz-abcd') = 2

Find('bc', 'aBcd-xyz-abcd', 5) = 11

SEARCH

Added in Version 19, build on January 5, 2017

Search(Find_Text, Within_Text, [Start_Num]).

Returns the integer position of the sub-string Find_Text looking inside the string Within_Text. You may optionally instruct us to start the search at character position Start_Num. If Start_Num is not specified, then we start at position 1. The search is not case-sensitive. Also the Find_Text may include a ? to indicate any single character of an * to indicate any number of characters. If Find_Text is not found then function will return 0.

Search('B?d', 'aBcd-xyz-abcd') = 2

Search('B?d', 'aBcd-xyz-abcd', 5) = 0

Search('b?d', 'aBcd-xyz-abcd') = 11

Search('b?d', 'aBcd-xyz-abcd', 5) = 11

Search('B*b', 'aBcd-xyz-abcd', 5) = 2

INTEGER, LONG

Typecast another type as an integer

FLOAT

Typecast another type as a float

SINGLE

Typecast another type as a single

(4 byte floating point)

DOUBLE

Typecast another type as a double

(8 byte floating point)

STRING

Typecast another type as a string

TEXT

Convert floating point number which represents a date into a formatted text string. The integral part of the value is the number of days that have passed since 12/30/1899. The fractional part of the value is fraction of a 24 hour day that has elapsed.

See Data and Time Formatting Strings for information on specifying the formatting string.

Text(42999.760416667, 'mm/dd/yyyy hh:nn:ss AM/PM') =

09/21/2017 6:15:00 PM

DATETIMEVALUE

Converts a formatted date string into a floating point number.

DateTimeValue('9/21/2017 6:15:00 PM') = 42999.760416667

DATEVALUE

Converts a formatted date string into a floating point number. It then truncates the fractional part of the floating point number giving only the integral number of days that have passed since 12/30/1899

DateValue('9/21/2017 6:15:00 PM') = 42999.00

TIMEVALUE

Converts a formatted date string into a floating point number. It then removes the integral part of the floating point number giving only the fractional part of a day representing the time

TimeValue('9/21/2017 6:15:00 PM') = 0.760416667