Modification of Limits at Excitation Limiters during Initialization
In "Transient Stability > Options > Power System Model > Common > Handling of Initial Limit Violations", the option to "Modify Limits and Run" allows all models to modify some of their own limits (during the initialization stage), based on the network conditions and/or other upstream dynamic models. If the option is selected, certain limits in UEL/OEL/SCL models could be modified in an attempt to ensure zero initial derivatives at exciter models.
However, only certain limits of limiter models are modified so that the exciter has zero initial derivatives, and that is done only if the limiter's activation status is 0 (i.e., Idle) during initialization.
i.e., Activation Status = 0, or UEL Activation Status = 0, or OEL Activation Status = 0
The modification of limits is based on the internal excitation signal of the associated exciter during initialization. The internal excitation signal (VM) that is relevant to each limiter model would depend on where the limiter input is being received at the exciter. This could be the voltage error signal, or the voltage regulator signal, or the inner loop regulator signal.
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For limits associated with an UEL/SCLUEL signal:
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If control is being initialized as Idle and if VUEL-MIN > VM, then VUEL-MIN = VM.
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No change to VUEL-MAX.
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For limits associated with an OEL/SCLOEL signal:
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If control is being initialized as Idle and if VOEL-MAX < VM, then VOEL-MAX = VM.
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no change to VOEL-MIN
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